Additionally, learning and adopting “best practices” and experiences from other regions and countries on adaptation and mitigation will be essential. However, there is a lack of cohesive strategy to achieve all their goals, and insufficient monitoring and tracking of their adaptation spending. Our analysis reveals that South Asian countries are making substantial progress in adapting to the new reality of climate change, as well as in terms of mitigation. This framework needs to include the investment impact of regular or climate-change-resilient projects on future economic prospects, as well as a strategy for funding sources (including donor support), especially in the presence of limited fiscal space in the region.
This paper presents a novel stock-taking analysis of the measures already taken by countries in the South Asia region-in terms of nonstructural interventions, institutional reforms, fiscal actions, financial actions, and risk management-as well as highlights the need for a comprehensive framework when analyzing investment plans. There are numerous types of adaptation measures (e.g., educating the public, investing in climate resilient infrastructure, better preparing for natural disasters, protecting biodiversity, etc.) that would result in increased resilience to climate change.
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Even assuming full global coordination on mitigation polices, global warming will not be reversed, 3 and countries need to take steps to protect their citizens and ready their economies for a changing climate. In the face of a changing climate, countries must put in place adaptation policies. This could allow India to play a role as a global leader in carbon-emission reduction, and also gain from a cleaner and healthier domestic environment. While India’s per capita emissions remains significantly below that of advanced countries and India has made significant progress in terms of reaching its mitigation commitments under the Paris Agreement, there remains scope for India to adopt more ambitious targets going forward. Hence, although each country in South Asia has a role to play in curbing emissions, the role of India is crucial at a global level. In South Asia, while India is a substantial carbon emitter, other countries in the region contribute relatively little to the global stock of greenhouse gas emissions, and Bhutan is the only country in the region which is carbon neutral. These policies consist of actions taken to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, thereby directly limiting climate change. 2ĭecreasing the human contribution to climate change requires mitigation policies. This paper provides an overview of South Asia’s circumstances vis-à-vis climate change-its contributions to carbon emissions, and its vulnerabilities-and presents policy commitments already made to both mitigate emissions and adapt to a changing climate, and highlights areas where more action is required. These events matter, not only because of the physical risks they present, but also because of their potential deep impact on issues such as food security, migration, and the sustainability of livelihoods in affected areas. As one of the world’s regions most vulnerable to climate change, there is an urgent need to further pursue policies which mitigate the region’s contribution to global warming, and adapt to the fallout from more frequent severe weather events, sea-level rise, and less predictable rainfall and agricultural output.
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